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Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel

At MBM Tubes, we provide tubes and pipes of superior quality, which are manufactured based on international standards, and proper attention is given to details. It is critically important to have a clear knowledge of the chemical make-up of our products, for they determine the performance characteristics of the products and their ability to perform in specific applications. Our policy of clarity makes it possible. This is so you can know the specifics of the material used in constructing our products with reference to their chemical composition. Knowledge is important when considering the suitability of a particular product for a certain purpose in terms of reliability and efficiency of its performance.

Chemical Composition Of Stainless Steel 304, Chemical Composition Of Stainless Steel Pdf, Chemical Composition Of Stainless Steel 316l, Chemical Composition Of Stainless Steel All Grades, Chemical Composition Of Carbon Steel Pipe, Stainless Steel Pipe Chemical Composition

Materials and Their Compositions

1. Stainless Steel

Stainless steel is renowned for its corrosion resistance and strength. Its composition typically includes:

  • Iron (Fe): The base metal in stainless steel, providing strength and formability.
  • Chromium (Cr): Generally present in amounts ranging from 10.5% to 30%, chromium enhances corrosion resistance and hardness.
  • Chromium (Cr): Often included in quantities between 8% and 20%, nickel improves toughness, ductility, and resistance to corrosion.
  • Molybdenum (Mo): Present in grades like 316, molybdenum increases resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion.
  • Carbon (C): Typically limited to 0.08% to 1.2%, carbon increases hardness and tensile strength but can reduce corrosion resistance.
  • Manganese (Mn): Adds strength and helps in hardening the steel.
  • Silicon (Si): Enhances strength and corrosion resistance.
  • Other Elements: Depending on the grade, small amounts of elements like nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus might be included to refine properties.

2. Stainless Steel Pipes

Stainless steel pipes are designed for various applications, and their composition is tailored to meet specific performance requirements:

  • 304 Stainless Steel Pipes: Composed of approximately 18% chromium and 8% nickel. They offer excellent corrosion resistance and are used in a wide range of industries. For more details on its properties and applications, explore our range of 304 stainless steel Seamless pipes, which are widely used in various industries.
  • 316 Stainless Steel Pipes: contain 16% chromium, 10% nickel, and 2% molybdenum. This composition provides superior corrosion resistance, especially against chlorides and other harsh environments.For those requiring high-performance materials in marine, chemical, or pharmaceutical applications, A312 Tp 316 Material provide superior resistance to pitting and corrosion.
  • 321 Stainless Steel Pipes: Includes 17% chromium, 9% nickel, and 1% titanium. This composition is stable against carbide precipitation, making it ideal for high-temperature applications. TP 321 material, which is widely used in heat exchangers, furnace parts, and aerospace applications due to its superior oxidation resistance.

3. Stainless Steel Tubes

Stainless steel tubes, like pipes, are available in various grades, each with a distinct composition:

  • 304 Stainless Steel Tubes: Similar to pipes, they contain 18% chromium and 8% nickel, providing excellent durability and resistance to oxidation. For a deeper look into its properties and applications, check out our dedicated page on Stainless Steel 304 DIN 1.4301 seamless tubes.
  • 316 Stainless Steel Tubes: Features 16% chromium, 10% nickel, and 2% molybdenum, making it suitable for more corrosive environments and demanding applications. If you're looking for high-quality Stainless Steel TP 316 Seamless Tubes made from these grades, MBM Tubes provides a reliable selection, ensuring precise material properties and adherence to industry standards.
  • 309 Stainless Steel Tubes: Contains 25% chromium and 20% nickel, offering high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance.

4. Other Materials

  • Carbon Steel: Typically composed of iron and carbon, with varying levels of manganese, silicon, and other elements to enhance strength and hardness.
  • Alloy Steel: Contains additional elements such as chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and vanadium to improve strength, toughness, and resistance to wear and corrosion.
  • Nickel Alloys: Include high percentages of nickel, often combined with chromium and molybdenum, to provide excellent resistance to heat and corrosion.

HIGHLIGHTS OF ASTM SPECIFICATIONS FOR STAINLESS STEEL TUBES AND PIPES

Grade AISI
Chemical Composition - Percent
C Max
Mn Max
P Max
S Max
Si Max
Cr
Ni
Mo
Other Element
J7
0.1
8.50-10.00
0.09
0.03
0.75
15.00-16.00
0.25-0.50
-
-
J4
0.1
8.50-10.00
0.09
0.03
0.75
15.00-16.00
0.80-1.20
-
-
201
0.15
5.50-7.50
0.06
0.03
1
16.00-18.00
3.50-5.50
-
N 0.25
202
0.15
7.50-10.00
0.06
0.03
1
17.00-19.00
4.00-6.00
-
N 0.25
301
0.15
2
0.045
0.03
1
16.00-18.00
6.00-8.00
-
-
302
0.15
2
0.045
0.03
1
17.00-19.00
8.00-10.00
-
-
304
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
18.00-20.00
8.00-11.00
-
-
304L
0.035
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
18.00-20.00
8.00-13.00
-
-
304H
0.04-0.10
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
18.00-20.00
8.00-11.00
-
-
305
0.12
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
17.00-19.00
10.50-13.00
-
-
308
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
1
19.00-21.00
10.00-12.00
-
-
309
0.2
2
0.045
0.03
1
22.00-24.00
12.00-15.00
-
-
309S
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
22.00-24.00
12.00-15.00
-
-
310
0.25
2
0.045
0.03
1.5
24.00-26.00
19.00-22.00
-
-
310S
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
1.5
24.00-26.00
19.00-22.00
-
-
316
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
16.00-18.00
11.00-14.00
2.00-3.00
-
316L
0.035
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
16.00-18.00
10.00-15.00
2.00-3.00
-
316H
0.04-0.10
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
16.00-18.00
11.00-14.00
2.00-3.00
-
316TI
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
1
16.00-18.00
10.00-14.00
2.00-2.50
Ti5*C.min
317
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
18.00-20.00
11.00-14.00
3.00-4.00
-
317L
0.035
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
18.00-20.00
11.00-15.00
3.00-4.00
-
321
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
17.00-19.00
9.00-13.00
-
Ti5xC%
321H
0.04-0.10
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
17.00-19.00
9.00-13.00
-
Ti5xC%
347
0.08
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
17.00-19.00
9.00-13.00
-
Na+Ta10xC%
347H
0.04-0.10
2
0.045
0.03
0.75
17.00-19.00
9.00-13.00
-
Na+Ta10xC%
409L
0.03
1
0.04
0.02
1
10.50-11.70
0.05
-
Ti6x(C=N) Min
410
0.15
1
0.04
0.03
1
11.50-13.50
0.75
-
-
410S
0.08
1
0.04
0.03
1
11.50-13.50
0.6
-
-
420
0.15Min
1
0.045
0.03
1
10.50-15.50
1.0-2.5
-
Mo 0.20-1.20
429
0.12
1
0.04
0.03
1
14.00-16.00
*
-
-
430
0.12
1
0.04
0.03
1
16.00-18.00
0.75
-
-
430Ti
0.12
1.25
0.06
0.15
1
16.00-18.00
-
-
Ti 0.75
439
0.03
1
0.04
0.03
1
17.00-19.00
0.5
-
Ti [0.20+4(C+N)]  Min, 1.10 max ALO.15
441
0.03
1
0.04
0.03
1
17.50-19.50
1
1.75-2.50
Ti 0.10 to 0.50
444
0.025
1
0.04
0.03
1
17.50-19.50
1
1.75-2.50
(Ti+Cb) 0.20+4(C+N)] min 0.80 max
S31803
0.025
1
0.04
0.03
1
21.0-23.0
4.5-6.5
2.5-3.5
-
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